US1487801A - Firearm - Google Patents

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US1487801A
US1487801A US398215A US39821520A US1487801A US 1487801 A US1487801 A US 1487801A US 398215 A US398215 A US 398215A US 39821520 A US39821520 A US 39821520A US 1487801 A US1487801 A US 1487801A
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barrel
firearm
main
firing
barrels
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US398215A
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John D Pedersen
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A13/00Cooling or heating systems; Blowing-through of gun barrels; Ventilating systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/60Breech mechanisms for guns having two or more barrels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41CSMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C27/00Accessories; Details or attachments not otherwise provided for
    • F41C27/06Adaptations of smallarms for firing grenades, e.g. rifle grenades, or for firing riot-control ammunition; Barrel attachments therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41CSMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C7/00Shoulder-fired smallarms, e.g. rifles, carbines, shotguns
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41GWEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G1/00Sighting devices
    • F41G1/46Sighting devices for particular applications
    • F41G1/52Sighting devices for particular applications for rifles or shotguns having two or more barrels, or adapted to fire different kinds of ammunition, e.g. ball or shot

Definitions

  • This invention relates to firearms for using two kinds or sizes and powers of ammunition, having respectively long range and short range projectiles.
  • a principal object of the invention is to furnish a weapon of that class comprising a pair of firearms,preferably eachI having a magazine,-one for each of said purposes, respectively combined in a system whereby each of said firearms may be used either independently of or concurrently with the other, and so arranged that while the gunner may be using one or a first said firearm the other or second one may be held loaded and the magazine thereof fully charged, in readiness for instant use without regard to the use or non-use of such firearm.
  • a further object is to furnish a composite or compound firearm of said class in which the two trajectories may be so located that the trajectory of the short-range projectiles may cross that of the long-range projectiles in two points, and thereby provide for the proper sighting of each said firearms by the use of the same sights, and without requiring any changing thereof.
  • the barrel of a shoulder-arm While it has been customary to regard the barrel of a shoulder-arm as being carried by the receiver,-this being regarded as the frame,-it should be noted that the reverse of that view is equally correct, and in my present improvements, the main barrel is shown arranged to constitute the carr ing member for the cartridge-supplying an firing means for both of the barrels.
  • the present system herein represented in a shoulder-arm form thereof
  • the two individual firearms composlng this two-mechanism system are sometimes referred to, one of them as the larger or main firearm, and the other as the small firearm; also, as the large barrel firearm and small-barrel firearm. vIt should be understood, however,
  • the form of the primary or largerfiarrel firearm represented in the drawings is designed to substantially correspond with the socalled Springfield rifle; but, in practice, if required, other kinds or styles of shoulder-arms barrels and mechanisms may be employed in lieu thereof.
  • Fig. 1 is a sideview, drawn on a small scale, for illustrating the general arrangement of a firearm of the shoulder-arm class having the elements thereof organized in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary frontend view of Fig. 1, partl in section, showing the aperture in the ayonet shank for passage of the projectile from the rapid-fire barrel.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section of the rapid-fire mechanism in fire position.
  • Fig. 3a is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing a portion of the firing mechanism, the bolt thereof being in extreme rear position, and showing a modified form of stop for the bolt.
  • Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, with the rapid-fire firing mechanism in position for disassembling.
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmental vertical section showing the long-range and rapidfire firing mechanisms, the rapid-fire firing mechanism being in firing position.
  • Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5 in the direction of the arrow, the rapid-fire firing mechanism being shown.
  • Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fi 5.
  • Fig. 8 is a line 8-8 of Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view on the line 9-9 of Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view on the line 10-10 of Fig. 5.
  • etail sectional view on the Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the frame of the firearm.
  • Fig. 12 is a bottom plan View of the portion of the frame shown in Fig. 11.
  • Fig. 13 is a top view, on an enlarged scale, of a bolt and block member.
  • Fig. 14 is a sectional side view of said bolt and block member.
  • Fig. 15 is an end view of said bolt and block member.
  • Fig. 16 is an exterior side view Vof said bolt and block member.
  • Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 are diagrammatic views for illustrating projectile trajectories. D
  • Fig. 22 is a fragmentary sectional-view of the main and secondary barrels illustrating an integral arrangement thereof.
  • Fig. 23 is an end View of the arrangement shown in Fig. 22.
  • Fig. 24 is an end View of the main and secondary barrels illustrating another form of arrangement of these barrels.
  • Fig. 25 is an end view of the main and secondary barrels illustrating still another arrangement of these barrels.
  • the barrel B is relatively ⁇ large and rigid and to the rearward and larger end thereof, has attached thereto a chambered mechanism frame, or receiver,.as F, for containing the usual loading, firing and shellejecting devices or means.
  • Said receiver is represented as being imbedded in the usual stock, or shoulderpiece, (Fig. 5), which extends forward of the receiver to form the forestock, S; this is shown fixed in place below the barrel B,
  • FIG. 2 the usual bayonet shank, D, is indicated as being applied to the barrel B in the usual manner, which, being well known need not be shown, as d, which shank is provided with an aperture a, through which ma pass the projectiles fired from the smallarrel C, when the bayonet is in pla-ce on the firearm.
  • A. further feature of the present system relates to the manner in which the smallbarrel firearm and the operating mechanism thereof, is housed within the fore-stock of the large-barrel firearm.
  • the smallbarrel and rapid-fire weapon is not only protected from injury (and largely hidden from observation), but is in constant readiness for instant use, by simply attaching a filled magazine.
  • the soldier when going into action should first put in place the magazines of each said firearm so that either one of these may be first used or the two used alternately as cecasion may require.
  • the frame f of said smailer mechanism being located directly below said main barrel B, the fore stock S is shown chambered to fit over, or outside of said frame, and thereby furnishes a guard or covering therefor, so the voperator may safely grasp the arm in a position forward of the main frame F and rearward of the ma azine, as m, which extends downwardly rom said smaller frame f.Y 'Y Y rFhis frame, f, is shown in a preferred form thereof in Figs. 11, 12. rihe two sidewalls 6, 6a, are connected by a rearward part 6", and a forward end portion 6, and
  • a cross-pin, as p, (Fig. 5) may be used for releasably holding the frame f upon its said carrier member, or barrel, B.
  • guides 6g, 6h, on one side, and 6, 6", on the other side are shown arranged for engaging and guiding the power-block, at 10, Fig. 5, of said mechanisrn of the small-barrel rearm.
  • the form of combined power-block and breech-bolt E shown in the drawings, Fi 13 and 16 inclusive, comprises a slidab ysupported main portion 5, the forward ezttension,- or breech-bolt 5, and a lower and rearward extension, 5b, provided with a handle or finger-piece 5.
  • This rearwardly extending part, 5b serves as a chambercloser, or guard plate when the block iS in forward position, as will be seen by comparing Figs. 3 and 5. ln this firing-position of the power-block, Fig.
  • the boltportion 5a extends over the magazine m, and comes close to, but preferably not quite into Contact with, the rear end face, 3, of the barrel C; this forward movement of said block E is herein shown as being limited by a transverse face 5d, of the block coming into contact with a corresponding face 7g of the transverse wall 6d, of the frame
  • the rearward movement or workingstroke of block E may be limited by a stop, as G, engageable in recesses 81, 8k in the frame 7, Figs. 3v and 5 arranged to be withdrawn w en desired, to thereby permit said block to retracted to the more rearward position thereof in Fig. 4, for thereby dislil@ engaging the bearing faces 5e, 5f, Fig. 16,
  • said guides 6, 6, 61, 6k are shown of suitable length and are suitably positioned to engage by a suiicient distance, as 11, (Fig. 3)), when, in the assembled mechanism, said lock E is retracted onl to the end of its said normal working stro e.
  • Said block retraction-limiting stop, G may be operably supported by attachment to one end of a flat spring as 12, (Figs. 3 and d), the other end 12', of which is removably aiixed, as by a screw 13 to the block E or to some part appurtenant thereto. 1n Figs. 3, 4 and 5, this attachment is made by extending said stop carrying member, 12, forwardly from the stop and there fixing said member by a screw 13, to the aforesaid rear ward extension 5 of the power-block.
  • Fig. 3a is shown one such other form, it consisting of a plug, G', having a threaded portion 57, and slotted head 58, whereby this stop may be placed and removed after the manner of anv ordinary machine-screw.
  • the weight of slide E should be such that the cartridge,-this being specially designed and loaded therefor,w1ll impart to said slide a rearward movement of suiiicient stroke and power to perform, directly or indirectly, the subsequent operations of shellextraction and ejection, and of reloading the firearm.
  • the slide compresses the operating spring 14, and retracts the bolt-face 5g rearward of the upper most cartridge in the magazine m, so that on a forward actuation of the slide to firing position, said bolt face drives said cartridge out. of the magazine and into the barrel-chamber, as at 15, Fig. 5.
  • the scar-hook 16 stands forwar or up (as in Fig. 6)
  • the sear-hook will engage with the face 17 of the firing pin P, and thus hold said pin retracted until after theloading-in operation is completed, so the several said parts' will be positioned as indicated in Fig.
  • the operator may now proceed in either one of two Ways. First, on having released the firing-pin as described, he may instantly release the trigger and thereby restore the Sear-lock to its ring-pin engaging position, so that the bolt-mechanism (this eing cartridge-actuated as before) Will reload the barrel and then remain idle, but in firing position. Or the operator may hold the scar retracted, and out of its said tiring-pin-engaging position, until after the completion of said loading operation.
  • the firing pin normally is driven forward by its spring 18, and upon the sudden stoppage of the slide E (by the cartridge being fully seated in the barrel) acts by its momentum to fire the cartridge and thus activateate a second loading operation.
  • the loading and tiring operations become automatic and may so continue until the supply of cartridges in the magazine is exhausted.
  • the slide E is driven forward by its spring 14 at the same time the firing-pin P is driven forward by the spring 18, and thus said members E and P, are advanced by the concurrent action of the two springs 14, 18, thereby obtaining a maximum acceleration of the loading operation, or loading-in movement of the sliding bolt E, which also increases to a maXimum,-in View of its weight,-the momentum of said pin P, for effecting the firing of the cartridge in the manner eX- plained.
  • this pin may be made of such weight as may be found necessary or desirable in any particular instance.
  • the two barrels B and.
  • projectiles used in main barrel B will have (the same as those now em loyed) a low, or dat, normal trajectory, eing of highpower and long range.
  • the projectiles for the small barrel will be ordinarily, of less weight and power and consequently o shorter range, suitable in tact, for the closerange work for which the small barrel firearm is especially7 intended.
  • This relation of the two norma trajectories is indicated in the dia ram Fig. 17, Where the slightly curved ine 23 represents the long-range normal trajectory, and the similar but more curved line 24 represents the short-range normal trajectory from the small-barrel C, the sight-lines being approximately represented by dash-line 25.
  • this may usually be made less in angular measurement than the taper of the main barrel B, so that when the small-barrel C is truly cylindrical, the space between the two barrels may be greater at the forward end of said small barrel than it is near the rearward end thereof.
  • This arrangement permits the heat-transmitting, or filling piece J', (hereinafter more fully described) to have a corresponding taper, depth-wise thereof, so that it may be slid onto said small barrel with the frame f from the front end thereof, when the forward astenings at bb and the front end stock S are first removed; and thus brought into a close-fitting relation to said upper barrel B.
  • the second barrel C is to be properly positioned relative to said main barrel B, for bringing said trajectory curves into the described relationship, this readily may be done by the use of suitable barrel-holding means whereby said second barrel will be lredly ositioned in the tirearm and relative to t e main barrel in a non-parallel manner, so that the axes of these barrels will have a suihcient amount of the forward axial conver ence.
  • the said mid-range zone is deemed to be located in space at a position about mid-way of that arc (as 33, Fig. 20) of the shortrange normal trajectory, 24, which lies above the battle-range sight-line, as 25, for the normal trajectory-curve 23, of the longrange barrel, B.
  • said mid-range zone may be regarded as extending from point 26 to point 27 but, while the measurement of this distance may be varied in practice, the point of tangency as 34, Fig. 20, should ordinarily be as remotely distant from the rea barrels, as the point, 26, at which the short-range normal trajectory 2e first intersects the long-range normal trajectory 23.
  • line 25 represents the so-called battle-range sight-line, which meets the long-range normal trajectory at a dlstant point, as 35; in practice this distance may be assumed as being 50() yards, an approximate midway point, as 36, of said battlc-range may be about 200 yards remotelydistant from either end of said range.
  • the short-range normal trajectory, 24, is shown so located, due to the positioning of lower barrel B, as to bring the lntersection points 26, 27 approximately midway from the barrel C to the point 35.
  • the arc 33 of said short-range trajectory extends from the first intersection point 26 to the second intersection point 27, and, for convenience, is herein designated as the intersection are.
  • said arc 33 may be said normally to extend substantially* equal distances forwardly and rearwardly of the approximatin battle-range lengt or portion, of said mainbarrel trajectory.
  • the mark at the points 26 and 27, due to this intersection of trajectories at these points, will be submidway point 36 of the jected to the concentrated fire of the main I and secondary barrels, and the zone between the points 26 and 27 becomes a danger zone relative to this concentrated fire, a feature particularly valuable in use of the firearm as a military weapon.
  • sight line 25 may be determined, in practice, by the usual rearward and forward sights, as 54, 55, respectively, which are herein shown only in a symbolic form, suflicient for the diagrammatic representations in said views Figs. 17 to 20, inclusive.
  • the main barrel as B, 1s fitted b its rifiing and construction and is equippe with cartridge-placing and firing means for the firing-on the so-called fiat7 trajectory-, of long-range and relatively heavy projectiles, and therefore may be said to have the small-curvature trajectory which such projectiles normally have when fired by high-powered cartridges used in rifle-barrels of the kind referred to.
  • the second barrel as C, is fitted and equipped for firing projectiles of a rela ⁇ tively less weight, and much shorter range, being fired by relatively low-powered charges.
  • this second barrel may be said to have a relatively greater curvature of trajectory, as compared with the described trajector of said main barrel.
  • the two said barrels in the complete rearm, the two said barrels,
  • T is barrel, on account of the normally rapid operation of the automatic loading and iirin mechanism, naturally acquires heat ra i 1 and hence, (followin a general princip e a eady well-known), prefer to provide this barrel C, with heat transmittin and radiation means for accomplishing sai purposes.
  • said barrel For directly receiving heat from the barrel C, said barrel is shown encased in a highly conductive sleeve, as J, which may extend nearly the whole length of the barrel, and be made of an aluminum alloy, if desired.
  • This sleeve J has a large radiating surface, and carries an upward extension 41, Fig ⁇ 8, which may be broadened out at its upper edges, as 42, 43, and be shaped to t closely to the under surface, as at 44, for thereby transmitting a larger proportion of the heat, to said main barrel B, which thus becomes an heat-absorbing reservoir.
  • This heat thus transferred up into barrel B, this havin a large mass and surface, will be rapidly istributed along the length. thereof and so radiated into the atmosphere from the large amount of the exposed barrel surface.
  • a further cooling of the main barrel B may be effected by means of a peculiar feature of the described two-barrel arrangement.
  • the forward end 47, Fig. 2 of the small barrel C is shown located a short distance below and somewhat rearward of the muzzle, 48, of said main barrel.
  • The' gases emerging from small barrel C spread into a cone-like form and thus operate to blow forwardly the air at and. surrounding the forward end, 48, of said main 1 l. This in.
  • the rifling of the long-range barrel should have a relatively rapid twist as compared with that of the short-range barrel.
  • to fire short-range projectilesl through a barrel rifled for high-velocity long-range projectiles tends to produce serious alterations of movement during the flight of the shortrange projectiles and thus impair or destroy precision of fire.
  • the short-range ammunition is readily made to covery a greater effective ra e than when used in the long-range barrel of a high-power rifle, and this important gain is secured in my present improvements, in connection with the peculiar intersection of trajectories, as already eX lained.
  • the two arrels B and C may be joined integrally either before or after the bores 49, 50, respectively are formed therein.
  • One construction of this kind is shown in Figs. 22 and 23, where the second barrel C, is. shown below the main barrel B and formed in one piece therewith.
  • This form while amply providing for a rapid transmission of heat from said lower rapid-fire barrel C to the upper and larger barrel B, has the disadvantage of being diliicult to manufacture in an economical manner. A.
  • This construction may be modifi in a rever'sely-arranged manner by the plan shown in section only, in Fig. 25, where the main barrel B is provided with a sleeve 52, within which the lower barrel C is encased in a manner to ermit the described elongation and contraction thereof While preservlng or providing for a large heat-transmitting contact or relation between the two barrels.
  • the intermediate heat-transmitter when not inte ral with either barrel, has the advantage o being expansible and contractible longitudinally' to a different degrec from either barrel and .of doing this without subjecting either barrel to any flexing stress due to such difference.
  • This fea ture provides for lmaking said member J of a metal having a higher heat-transmitting power than the metal of which the barrels are made, these being in present practice, necessarily made of steel when for use in high-power and in ra id-fire firearms.
  • said member J may oe made of copper or of a composition consistin in part of copper or like metal having a lugh heat-conductivity and thereby provide a highly effective heat-absorbing element actin in some respects as a heat-reservoir, and in combination with each of the said barrels.
  • the barrel B is shown of the breech-loader type, and as being equipped with a handoperated cartridge-placing or loading mechanism, this consisting of the Ordinar breechbolt N, which is or should be supp emented by the details usually a purtenant thereto (not herein fully shown including means for firing the loaded-in cartridge.
  • this firearm instead of having-said main barrel fitted with such a hand-operated equipment for the loading-in and firing o erations, may have an auto-loading and firlng mechanism, and that, for such purposes any suitable kind of the latter mechanisms,- of which several specific constructions adaptable therefor are already well-known,- may be so employed.
  • the improved cartridge-placing and firing mechanism which is herein shown and described, for the lower or secondary barrel C, is'deemedfto be especially suitable for use in connection with such a second barrel in a compound or two-mechanism firearm of the shoulder-arm Aclass herein set forth.
  • This mechanism may be applied to single-mechanism firearms.
  • a different breech-action or form of mechanism may be adapted to said secondary firearm for placing and firing the cartridges for use therein.
  • a main barrel for firing long-range and relatively heavy projectiles havmg a normal trajectory of small curvature
  • a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater curvature than the first projectiles
  • the second barrel being operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and neath the main barrel, the bore of the second barrel beingiin ermanent converging forward and u war relation to the bore of the main barre whereby the trajectory of the projectiles from' the second barrel intersects u wardly the trajectory of the projectiles rom the first barrel at a point remote from the muzzle of said barrels, and Aintersects said trajectory downwardly at a second oint more remote from the muzzles of said4 arrels than said first point.
  • a firearm in combination, a Amain barrel for firing long-range and relatively j heavy projectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, and a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater-t curvature than the first projectiles, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel and firing mechanism and triger mechanism for the second barrel; the arrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently; the second barrel being operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, and the bore of the second barrel being in permanent converging forward and upward relation to the boreof the main barrel.
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel arranged in the firearm adjacently to the main barrel, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel, the barrels being diischargeable separately or concurrently, and the second barrel being dischargeable automatically at will for rapid fire thereof.
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel arranged in the firearm adjacently to the main barrel beneath the main barrel, firing mechanismand trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel, the barrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently, and the second barrel being djschargeable automatically at will for rapid fire thereof.
  • a main barrel-for firing long-range and relatively heavy projectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature
  • a. second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajecto of relatively greater curvature than t e first projectiles, firing mechanism and tri ger mechanism for the main barrel, and firm mechanism and triger mechanism for e second barrel, the arrels bein dischargeable separately or concurrently
  • t e second barrel being operatively arranged and supported in the firearm ⁇ adjacently to and beneath the main barrel
  • a firearm in combination, a main barrel for firing long-range and relatively heavy rojectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater curvature than the first projectiles, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigbger mechanism for the secondv barrel, the arrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently, the second barrel being ischargeable automatically at willv for rapid fire thereof; the second barrel being operativel arranged and supported in the firearm a jacently to and beneath the main barrel the bore of the second barrel converging forwardly and upwardly relatively to the bore of the main barrel, whereby the trajectory of the projectiles from the second barrel-intersects upwardly the trajectory of the projectiles from the main barrel at a point remote from the muzzles of said barrels, and intersects said trajectory( downwardly at a second point more remote from the muzzles of said barrels than said first oint, and when the barrel
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel o ratively arranged and supported in the rearm adjacent to and beneath the main barrel, and conductive means having an extended rtion broadened at its edges interpose between said barrels extending longitudinally of the barrels for substantially the full length of the second barrel and contacting with both barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel.
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second bai-rel operatively arranged and support-ed in the lfirearm adjacent to and" beneath the main barrel, and a sleeve on the second barrel having an extended portion broadened at its edges, the sleeve being interposed between said barrels and extending longitudinally of' the barrels for substantially the full length of the second barrel and contacting with both barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel.
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to the main barrel, and means interposed between said barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel; said means consisting of a member comprising a hollow lower longitudinal portion and a longitudinal upper surface curved in cross-section, said lower portion providing a sleeve for the second barrel, and said upper surface contacting with the under surface of the .main barrel and extending longitudinally of said barrel.
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, and means interposed between said barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel; said means consisting of a member comprising a hollow lower longitudinal portion and a longitudinal upper surface curved in cross-section, said lower portion providing a sleeve for the second barrel, and said upper surface contacting with the under surface of the main barrel and extending longitudinally of said barrel.
  • a shoulder-arm comprising, in combination, a stock having a butt-stock portion and a chambered forestock portion; a pair of barrels spaced apart and comprising a relatively long and heavy main barrel fixedly mounted on the stock and equipped for firing long-range projectiles, and a relatively shorter and lighter rapid fire barrel equipped with mechanism for firing shortrange projectiles, and supportively and rigidly connected to and located underneath said long barrel and housed within said chambered portion of the forestock, and a heat-transmitting member interposed longitudinally between and contacting with each of said barrels whereby to utilize said main barrel for disposin of heat generated in the ra id-fire barrel.
  • a firearm in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to' and beneath the main barrel, ⁇ firing' mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for thefsecond barrel comprisin a reciprocable power block and breech Eolt retract-able by explosion gases and proj ectable by spring means.
  • a firearm in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprisin a reclprocatable power-block and breech-bolt provided with an operatively arranged firing-pin, the power-block and breech-bolt being retractable by explosion gases and proj ectable by spring means.
  • a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism for the second barrel;
  • the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprising a reciprocatable power-block and breech-bolt providedwith a spring actuated firing-pin, the power-block and breech-bolt being retractable by explosion gases and projectable by spring means.
  • afirearm in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel;
  • the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprising a reciprocatable power-block and breechbolt retractable by explosion' gases and projectable by spring means;
  • the trigger mechanism for the second barrel comprising means for releasably retaining the power-block and breech-bolt in retracted position and trigger operated means co-operating with said releasable retaining means for operating the same.
  • a firearm in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism and tri ger mechanism for the main barrel, and ring mechanism and trig er mechanism for the second barrel; the firlng mechanism for the second barrel com rising a reciprocatable power-block and breechbolt retractable by explosion gases and proj ectable by spring means; the trigger mechanism for the second barrel comprising a catch-lever for releasably retaining the power-block and breech-bolt in retracted position and a trigger operated push-rod, for operatin said catch-lever.
  • the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprising a reciprocatable power-block, and reechbolt provided with an operative] arranged firing-pin, the power-block and reech-bolt bein retractable by explosion gases and project-a le by spring means;
  • the trigger mecha- Vnism for the second barrell comprising a catch-lever for releasably retaining the power-block and breech-bolt in retracted position and a trigger operated push-rod for operating said catch-lever.
  • a main barrel in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel shorter than the first barrel o eratively arranged and supported in the rearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, and a bayonet shank carried by the main barrel provided with an aperture for passage therethrough of projectiles discharged from the second barrel.
  • a firearm in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel shorter than the first barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, the bore of the second barrel converging forwardly and upwardly relatively to the bore of the main barrel, and a bayonet shank carried by the main barrel provided with an aperture for passage therethrough of projectlles discharged from the second barrel.
  • a firearm comprising, in combination, a stock fitted and furnished for carrying thereon an upper barrel and its connected cartridge-placing and firin mechanism said stock havmg a chambere fore-stock portion; an u per main barrel provided with cartridge-p acing and firing mechanism and rigidly but releasably mounted on said stock, and having the muzzle thereof extending to a position forward of said forenism, and the muzzle of said second barrelV being in position for the gases discharged therefrom ⁇ to drive forward gases at the muzzle of the main barrel for thereby producing an air current through the bore of said main barrel, the bore of the main barrel being open atbreech and muzzle at the time of dlscharge of the second barrel.
  • a firearm comprising, in combination,
  • a stock fitted and furnished for carryin thereon an upper barrel and its connect cartridge-placing and firin mechanism said stock having a chambere fore-stock portion; an u per main barrel provided with cartridge-p acing and ring mechanism and mounted on said stock, and having the muzzle thereof ⁇ extending to a position forward of said fore-stock; a second and shorter barrel' and connected loading and firing mechanism therefor, housed Within said chambered fore-stock, the bore of the main barrel being open at breech and muzzle at the time of discharge of the second barrel, and located below said main barrel and forward of the said loading and firing mechanism of themain barrel; and, means for transmitting heat from said second barrel to the main barrel, the muzzle of said second barrel being in position for the gases discharged therefrom to displace by driving forward the gases at the muzzle of the main barrel for thereby producing an air current through the bore of said main barrel, and thus convey away heat transmitted from the second barrel.

Description

J. D. PEDERSEN March 25 1924.
FIREARM Filed July 14 192C 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 i. Il g/VM??? i@ I', gli? lfieofevzoi: J/z Pedersen) March 25 1924. 1,487,801
J. D. PEDERSEN FIREARM Filed July 14, 1920 5` sheets-sheet 2 f m 1I. A. no ow m n r 7 m W RN m e 8 s llllll Il m N .INIIIIP IIHIwIHHHH I Il I s hw mw www mi l n o www .N w 0 2 E l J s DM, M w m m w w P M .w D. d m m J .nu EN hw. wh, D
March 25 1924 I l I ,l I| l: r l :l `i
Q l m i w" u' March 25 1.924%
J. D. PEDERSEN FIHEARM Filed July 14 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 [live/afar:
J0 2.2961! @rse/2) Patented Wien. 25, i924.
iii
JGHN ID. IPEDERSEN, 0F JA. "-f WYOMING.
FIR/EAR.
Application led July 14, 1920. Serial No. 396,215.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOHN D. PEDERSEN, a a citizen of the United States, residing in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and State of Wyoming, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to firearms for using two kinds or sizes and powers of ammunition, having respectively long range and short range projectiles. A principal object of the invention is to furnish a weapon of that class comprising a pair of firearms,preferably eachI having a magazine,-one for each of said purposes, respectively combined in a system whereby each of said firearms may be used either independently of or concurrently with the other, and so arranged that while the gunner may be using one or a first said firearm the other or second one may be held loaded and the magazine thereof fully charged, in readiness for instant use without regard to the use or non-use of such firearm.
A further object is to furnish a composite or compound firearm of said class in which the two trajectories may be so located that the trajectory of the short-range projectiles may cross that of the long-range projectiles in two points, and thereby provide for the proper sighting of each said firearms by the use of the same sights, and without requiring any changing thereof.
While it has been customary to regard the barrel of a shoulder-arm as being carried by the receiver,-this being regarded as the frame,-it should be noted that the reverse of that view is equally correct, and in my present improvements, the main barrel is shown arranged to constitute the carr ing member for the cartridge-supplying an firing means for both of the barrels. Thus the present system (herein represented in a shoulder-arm form thereof) com rises two complete firearm mechanisms, eac operable independently of the other, these two firearms, however, being organized into one combined pair in which the two have both structural and functional coactive relations.
In the present description, the two individual firearms composlng this two-mechanism system are sometimes referred to, one of them as the larger or main firearm, and the other as the small firearm; also, as the large barrel firearm and small-barrel firearm. vIt should be understood, however,
that such terms as large and small or other words of similar import or application, do not necessarily or impliedly refer to the bore of the barrels, unless clearly 'so stated, but rather to the size or weight, or both, since, in practice, while the two barrels may have bores of the same diameter, the rapid-fire or lower (and usually shorter) barrel does not need to be nearly as large externally as the upper or main barrel.
Since the present invention is more especially intended for use in milita firearms, the form of the primary or largerfiarrel firearm represented in the drawings, is designed to substantially correspond with the socalled Springfield rifle; but, in practice, if required, other kinds or styles of shoulder-arms barrels and mechanisms may be employed in lieu thereof.
f In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Fig. 1 is a sideview, drawn on a small scale, for illustrating the general arrangement of a firearm of the shoulder-arm class having the elements thereof organized in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary frontend view of Fig. 1, partl in section, showing the aperture in the ayonet shank for passage of the projectile from the rapid-fire barrel.
Fig. 3, is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section of the rapid-fire mechanism in fire position. Fig. 3a is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing a portion of the firing mechanism, the bolt thereof being in extreme rear position, and showing a modified form of stop for the bolt.
Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, with the rapid-fire firing mechanism in position for disassembling.
Fig. 5, is an enlarged fragmental vertical section showing the long-range and rapidfire firing mechanisms, the rapid-fire firing mechanism being in firing position.
Fig. 6, is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5 in the direction of the arrow, the rapid-fire firing mechanism being shown.
Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fi 5.
Fig. 8 is a line 8-8 of Fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view on the line 9-9 of Fig. 5.
Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view on the line 10-10 of Fig. 5.
etail sectional view on the Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the frame of the firearm.
Fig. 12 is a bottom plan View of the portion of the frame shown in Fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a top view, on an enlarged scale, of a bolt and block member.
Fig. 14 is a sectional side view of said bolt and block member.
Fig. 15 is an end view of said bolt and block member.
Fig. 16 is an exterior side view Vof said bolt and block member.
Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 are diagrammatic views for illustrating projectile trajectories. D
Fig. 22 is a fragmentary sectional-view of the main and secondary barrels illustrating an integral arrangement thereof.
Fig. 23 is an end View of the arrangement shown in Fig. 22.
Fig. 24 is an end View of the main and secondary barrels illustrating another form of arrangement of these barrels.
Fig. 25 is an end view of the main and secondary barrels illustrating still another arrangement of these barrels.
In said primary firearm in the form thereof herein shown, (see Figs. 5 and 6), the barrel B is relatively` large and rigid and to the rearward and larger end thereof, has attached thereto a chambered mechanism frame, or receiver,.as F, for containing the usual loading, firing and shellejecting devices or means.
Said receiver is represented as being imbedded in the usual stock, or shoulderpiece, (Fig. 5), which extends forward of the receiver to form the forestock, S; this is shown fixed in place below the barrel B,
and may be formed in a separate piece from the shoulder piece, in a well-known manner, if desired. This forestock may be held in position by ordinary bands b, b. In Fig. 2, the usual bayonet shank, D, is indicated as being applied to the barrel B in the usual manner, which, being well known need not be shown, as d, which shank is provided with an aperture a, through which ma pass the projectiles fired from the smallarrel C, when the bayonet is in pla-ce on the firearm.
A. further feature of the present system relates to the manner in which the smallbarrel firearm and the operating mechanism thereof, is housed within the fore-stock of the large-barrel firearm. Thus 'the smallbarrel and rapid-fire weapon is not only protected from injury (and largely hidden from observation), but is in constant readiness for instant use, by simply attaching a filled magazine. In practice, the soldier when going into action, should first put in place the magazines of each said firearm so that either one of these may be first used or the two used alternately as cecasion may require.
The frame f of said smailer mechanism being located directly below said main barrel B, the fore stock S is shown chambered to fit over, or outside of said frame, and thereby furnishes a guard or covering therefor, so the voperator may safely grasp the arm in a position forward of the main frame F and rearward of the ma azine, as m, which extends downwardly rom said smaller frame f.Y 'Y Y rFhis frame, f, is shown in a preferred form thereof in Figs. 11, 12. rihe two sidewalls 6, 6a, are connected by a rearward part 6", and a forward end portion 6, and
y a cross-Wall 6d, rearward of the maga-- zine socket. Said side-walls 6, 6, are further united by the rearward and forward main-barrel clasps, 6, 6, respectively; these are fitted to firmly close out the tapering barrel B, when this lower frame is forced rearwardly over said barrel B, and thus brought against (or near to) the receiver F of the large-barrel, or primary firearm in the process of assembling., Vhen thus assembled, a cross-pin, as p, (Fig. 5) may be used for releasably holding the frame f upon its said carrier member, or barrel, B. 1n Figs. 11, 12, guides 6g, 6h, on one side, and 6, 6", on the other side, are shown arranged for engaging and guiding the power-block, at 10, Fig. 5, of said mechanisrn of the small-barrel rearm.
The form of combined power-block and breech-bolt E shown in the drawings, Fi 13 and 16 inclusive, comprises a slidab ysupported main portion 5, the forward ezttension,- or breech-bolt 5, and a lower and rearward extension, 5b, provided with a handle or finger-piece 5. This rearwardly extending part, 5b, serves as a chambercloser, or guard plate when the block iS in forward position, as will be seen by comparing Figs. 3 and 5. ln this firing-position of the power-block, Fig. 5, the boltportion 5a extends over the magazine m, and comes close to, but preferably not quite into Contact with, the rear end face, 3, of the barrel C; this forward movement of said block E is herein shown as being limited by a transverse face 5d, of the block coming into contact with a corresponding face 7g of the transverse wall 6d, of the frame The rearward movement or workingstroke of block E may be limited by a stop, as G, engageable in recesses 81, 8k in the frame 7, Figs. 3v and 5 arranged to be withdrawn w en desired, to thereby permit said block to retracted to the more rearward position thereof in Fig. 4, for thereby dislil@ engaging the bearing faces 5e, 5f, Fig. 16,
and the corresponding faces, not shown, of
meneer lowered directly downwardly out o frame f, when disassembled, and may be re` placed by following a reverse operation. To provide for these operations, said guides 6, 6, 61, 6k, are shown of suitable length and are suitably positioned to engage by a suiicient distance, as 11, (Fig. 3)), when, in the assembled mechanism, said lock E is retracted onl to the end of its said normal working stro e.
Said block retraction-limiting stop, G, may be operably supported by attachment to one end of a flat spring as 12, (Figs. 3 and d), the other end 12', of which is removably aiixed, as by a screw 13 to the block E or to some part appurtenant thereto. 1n Figs. 3, 4 and 5, this attachment is made by extending said stop carrying member, 12, forwardly from the stop and there fixing said member by a screw 13, to the aforesaid rear ward extension 5 of the power-block. However, other forms of such a stop may be employed if desired, and in Fig. 3a is shown one such other form, it consisting of a plug, G', having a threaded portion 57, and slotted head 58, whereby this stop may be placed and removed after the manner of anv ordinary machine-screw.
lln,J the present instance, l have illustrated my present improvements by an arrangement of mechanism operating onv the socalled blow-back principle, this being, in practice, one of the more simple kinds. rlhis system, however, requires a slide or reaction member having a considerable weight relative to the power of the cartridge to be used, and hence is not so well adapted for usin high ower cartridges whn the total welght of t e firearm is limite The cartridge as H, having been properl placed in barrel C (Fig. 5), on belng fired reacts against slide E, which thus constitutes a reaction member or power-slide. The weight of slide E should be such that the cartridge,-this being specially designed and loaded therefor,w1ll impart to said slide a rearward movement of suiiicient stroke and power to perform, directly or indirectly, the subsequent operations of shellextraction and ejection, and of reloading the firearm.
Cn being driven back from the firing position thereof, Fig. d, the slide compresses the operating spring 14, and retracts the bolt-face 5g rearward of the upper most cartridge in the magazine m, so that on a forward actuation of the slide to firing position, said bolt face drives said cartridge out. of the magazine and into the barrel-chamber, as at 15, Fig. 5. lf, during said loadin operation, the scar-hook 16, stands forwar or up (as in Fig. 6), the sear-hook will engage with the face 17 of the firing pin P, and thus hold said pin retracted until after theloading-in operation is completed, so the several said parts' will be positioned as indicated in Fig. 5, ready for firing the cartridge; this is now accomplished, in the specific form of devices shown, by pulling back trigger il', which by means of the intermediate pushrod R, acts to retract the scar to the firing-pin-releasing position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6. Said pin PI being thus releasedis driven forward by its actuating spring 18, and the point thereof strikes the cartridge H, thereby firing the cartridge in the usual manner. v
The operator may now proceed in either one of two Ways. First, on having released the firing-pin as described, he may instantly release the trigger and thereby restore the Sear-lock to its ring-pin engaging position, so that the bolt-mechanism (this eing cartridge-actuated as before) Will reload the barrel and then remain idle, but in firing position. Or the operator may hold the scar retracted, and out of its said tiring-pin-engaging position, until after the completion of said loading operation. In this case, the firing pin normally is driven forward by its spring 18, and upon the sudden stoppage of the slide E (by the cartridge being fully seated in the barrel) acts by its momentum to fire the cartridge and thus inaugurate a second loading operation. Thus, by holding the sear retracted, the loading and tiring operations become automatic and may so continue until the supply of cartridges in the magazine is exhausted.
In this automatic mode of action, the slide E is driven forward by its spring 14 at the same time the firing-pin P is driven forward by the spring 18, and thus said members E and P, are advanced by the concurrent action of the two springs 14, 18, thereby obtaining a maximum acceleration of the loading operation, or loading-in movement of the sliding bolt E, which also increases to a maXimum,-in View of its weight,-the momentum of said pin P, for effecting the firing of the cartridge in the manner eX- plained. To insure an effective action of the firing-pin, by its momentum when going forward with the slide, this pin may be made of such weight as may be found necessary or desirable in any particular instance.
In some instances, the two barrels B, and.
projectiles used in main barrel B will have (the same as those now em loyed) a low, or dat, normal trajectory, eing of highpower and long range. The projectiles for the small barrel will be ordinarily, of less weight and power and consequently o shorter range, suitable in tact, for the closerange work for which the small barrel firearm is especially7 intended. This relation of the two norma trajectories is indicated in the dia ram Fig. 17, Where the slightly curved ine 23 represents the long-range normal trajectory, and the similar but more curved line 24 represents the short-range normal trajectory from the small-barrel C, the sight-lines being approximately represented by dash-line 25. Tt will be noted that said trajectories cross at points 26 and 27 and between these points have only a slight deviation, the one from the other, so that within a considerable distance. the sights as adjusted for the large barrel B are also suiliciently correct for the small barrel C. Thus the soldier when surprised by a nearby enemy (and having both magazines in place) can instantly bring into actlon the rapid-fire automatic mechanism Without having to change the sights or make any allowance for the di'erent range.
In preparing :for the manufacture of the rearm, and in the arranging of the amount of said barrel-axes convergence this may usually be made less in angular measurement than the taper of the main barrel B, so that when the small-barrel C is truly cylindrical, the space between the two barrels may be greater at the forward end of said small barrel than it is near the rearward end thereof. This arrangement permits the heat-transmitting, or filling piece J', (hereinafter more fully described) to have a corresponding taper, depth-wise thereof, so that it may be slid onto said small barrel with the frame f from the front end thereof, when the forward astenings at bb and the front end stock S are first removed; and thus brought into a close-fitting relation to said upper barrel B.
In Fig. 20, at a position indicated by line 28, this being intermediate to the two trajectory intersections 26 and 27, the two trajectory curves 23, 24, are tangent, respectively, to two straight lines 29 and 30, which are parallel. Thus it may be said that at a position remotely distant from the barrels,- preferably in a mid-range zone,-the normal trajectory-curve having the small curvature, and the normal trajectory-curve havin the relatively greater curvature, have at suc position, parallel tangentlines. For securing this result, the second barrel C is to be properly positioned relative to said main barrel B, for bringing said trajectory curves into the described relationship, this readily may be done by the use of suitable barrel-holding means whereby said second barrel will be lredly ositioned in the tirearm and relative to t e main barrel in a non-parallel manner, so that the axes of these barrels will have a suihcient amount of the forward axial conver ence.
Should the cartridges use in said second barrel C, be of an abnormally low power, the trajectory-curve 24 of Fie'. 21 would, of course, be lowered according such a result is indicated b line 2l, where said trajeetories 23, 24, o not actually intersect each other.
Tn this instance, however, the curve 24, at some position, as 31, which is remotely distant from the muzzle-ends of the barrels, 1s tangent to a line, 30, which is parallel to another line, 29, that is tangent at 32 to said other trajectory 23. Thus the tangency relation to parallel lines as above described, applies equally to the trajectory positions illustrated in Figs. 20 and 21 respectively.
The said mid-range zone is deemed to be located in space at a position about mid-way of that arc (as 33, Fig. 20) of the shortrange normal trajectory, 24, which lies above the battle-range sight-line, as 25, for the normal trajectory-curve 23, of the longrange barrel, B. In Fig. 20, said mid-range zone may be regarded as extending from point 26 to point 27 but, while the measurement of this distance may be varied in practice, the point of tangency as 34, Fig. 20, should ordinarily be as remotely distant from the rea barrels, as the point, 26, at which the short-range normal trajectory 2e first intersects the long-range normal trajectory 23.
'ice
Tn the diagram Fig. 18, line 25 represents the so-called battle-range sight-line, which meets the long-range normal trajectory at a dlstant point, as 35; in practice this distance may be assumed as being 50() yards, an approximate midway point, as 36, of said battlc-range may be about 200 yards remotelydistant from either end of said range. Also, in Fig. 18, the short-range normal trajectory, 24, is shown so located, due to the positioning of lower barrel B, as to bring the lntersection points 26, 27 approximately midway from the barrel C to the point 35. The arc 33 of said short-range trajectory extends from the first intersection point 26 to the second intersection point 27, and, for convenience, is herein designated as the intersection are. Thus said arc 33 may be said normally to extend substantially* equal distances forwardly and rearwardly of the approximatin battle-range lengt or portion, of said mainbarrel trajectory.
When the main and secondary barrels are discharged concurrently, the mark at the points 26 and 27, due to this intersection of trajectories at these points, will be submidway point 36 of the jected to the concentrated fire of the main I and secondary barrels, and the zone between the points 26 and 27 becomes a danger zone relative to this concentrated fire, a feature particularly valuable in use of the firearm as a military weapon.
The precise location of said sight line 25 may be determined, in practice, by the usual rearward and forward sights, as 54, 55, respectively, which are herein shown only in a symbolic form, suflicient for the diagrammatic representations in said views Figs. 17 to 20, inclusive.
The nature and importance of said doubleintersectionof the trajectory in 23 and 24, and of the curvature in the same direction of the two trajectory-arc, 33, between said points of intersection, will be made more clear, by a comparison of Fig. 18, with the lines shown in Fig. 19, in which the longrange barrel B, has the axis thereof in line 34. If, now, a short-range firearm should be placed above main barrel B, as for instance, Fig. 19, the trajectory 24, can intersect said ong-range trajectory 23, in only one point, as 38. And, when a short-range projectile is fired from the main-barrel B, (of the long-range firearm), its trajectory 23', diverges downwardly from the longrange trajectory 23, so that at a short distance away, as at 39,.the amount, 40 of sugli divergence will be too great for satisfactory results, unless a different sighting shall be specifically provided there-for, and this method is not a'dependable one, in practice, since it adds another feature requiring forethought and attention by the soldier at a time when he cannot be trusted to meet any such extra requirement. But, by means of the present improvement, as clearly indicated in Figs. 18 and 20, the soldier is relieved of all such responsibilities, since the one pair of sights are properly usable at all times for both firearms of the system.
The herein described combining of said pair of firearms in a system having the short-range arm below the barrel of the long-range arm, and the axial convergence thereof as set forth, accomplishes the novel and importantv result explained as regards the sighting, and one which is not obtainable in com osite firearms having the smallbarrel a ove the large-barrel firearm, nor in such arms as the Morris tube or others in which the two kinds of projectiles, longrange and short-range, are used alternately in the same bore. In these cases, the two trajectories can cross or coincide but once, and in the latter said cases the two trajectories are tangential at the muzzle of the barrel, and thence constantly diverge, without crossing at any point of distance.
In thus describing said forward converence of the barrel axes it has been assumed or convenience, that the so-called line of departure of the projectile coincides with the barrel axis. It is known however that said line of departure may not exactly coincide with the structural axis of the barrel, and hence it is to be understood that when, in the process of sighting (as this is now practiced by adepts 1n this special art) it is instance, differ materially from the saidl structural axis.
The intersecting of trajectories which isV herein described in respect of Fig. 18, and which is specified in certain of the claims, should be understood as referring to vthe crossing of the long-range trajectory 23, by the short-range trajectorya, 24, when these are considered as they would appear when viewed from one side of a vertical plane, this being the manner of illustration in said Fig. 18. It should be understood, however, that in ractice, the actual path or line-offiight o the short-range projectile may not, in a strict or mathematical sense, intersect the actual path of vthe long-range projectile, since usual y there will be a slight lateral movement or sway of one or the other projectile to the right-hand or left-hand, due to windage, or to other well-known but variable causes. But these variations in the'lines of flight are ordinarily of a negligible amount, especially if the firearm barrels have been duly positioned therefor; and, in any such case, the lateral variation does not impair or materially affect' the said intersections as represented in said Fig. 18, nor the practical operation of the firearm as regards precision of lire.
From the foregoing description as illustrated it will be seen that the main barrel, as B, 1s fitted b its rifiing and construction and is equippe with cartridge-placing and firing means for the firing-on the so-called fiat7 trajectory-, of long-range and relatively heavy projectiles, and therefore may be said to have the small-curvature trajectory which such projectiles normally have when fired by high-powered cartridges used in rifle-barrels of the kind referred to. Similarly the second barrel, as C, is fitted and equipped for firing projectiles of a rela` tively less weight, and much shorter range, being fired by relatively low-powered charges. Hence, this second barrel may be said to have a relatively greater curvature of trajectory, as compared with the described trajector of said main barrel. And, in the complete rearm, the two said barrels,
. rang? T is barrel, on account of the normally rapid operation of the automatic loading and iirin mechanism, naturally acquires heat ra i 1 and hence, (followin a general princip e a eady well-known), prefer to provide this barrel C, with heat transmittin and radiation means for accomplishing sai purposes.
For directly receiving heat from the barrel C, said barrel is shown encased in a highly conductive sleeve, as J, which may extend nearly the whole length of the barrel, and be made of an aluminum alloy, if desired. This sleeve J has a large radiating surface, and carries an upward extension 41, Fig` 8, which may be broadened out at its upper edges, as 42, 43, and be shaped to t closely to the under surface, as at 44, for thereby transmitting a larger proportion of the heat, to said main barrel B, which thus becomes an heat-absorbing reservoir. This heat thus transferred up into barrel B, this havin a large mass and surface, will be rapidly istributed along the length. thereof and so radiated into the atmosphere from the large amount of the exposed barrel surface.
In ractice, I prefer to rigidly but releasabl one end,-preferably the rearward en ,-'-of sleeve J to small barrel C and this may be done by a cross-pin as p1 (Fig. 5), or by other suitable means. This arrangement serves to hold the rearward end-face 45, of the sleeve in fixed. relation to the rearward end 46 of the barrel C, so that the sliding movement, due to variations in temperature, of the sleeve on barrel C will extend to and mostly occur near the forward end of the sleeve; to provide for this action, the sleeve should be itted closely upon the barrel, but be readily slidable thereon under the `powerful force due to the heat-variations.
A further cooling of the main barrel B may be effected by means of a peculiar feature of the described two-barrel arrangement. The forward end 47, Fig. 2 of the small barrel C, is shown located a short distance below and somewhat rearward of the muzzle, 48, of said main barrel. The' gases emerging from small barrel C spread into a cone-like form and thus operate to blow forwardly the air at and. surrounding the forward end, 48, of said main 1 l. This in.
i 18) t e normally longturn, tends in an evident manner to draw air through and thereby cool the bore of the main barrel, provided the rearward end thereof is open to the influx of air; for this purpose, the o rater lnay have the main arrel unload small barrel for any considerable number ofshots. An important advantage of this two-barrel composite fire-arm, arises from the circumstance that the long-range and shortrange projectiles may each be given a speed of rotation suited to the weight and velocity of advance thereof. Thus each of the barrels B, C, can now be specially riied each for its own special requirements, and have a degree of twist in its rifling as properly requlred by the cartridge and projectile to be used in the barrel. As a general rulethe rifling of the long-range barrel should have a relatively rapid twist as compared with that of the short-range barrel. And, to fire short-range projectilesl through a barrel rifled for high-velocity long-range projectiles tends to produce serious alterations of movement during the flight of the shortrange projectiles and thus impair or destroy precision of fire. By avoiding'the said objections, the short-range ammunition is readily made to covery a greater effective ra e than when used in the long-range barrel of a high-power rifle, and this important gain is secured in my present improvements, in connection with the peculiar intersection of trajectories, as already eX lained.
In some instances, the two arrels B and C may be joined integrally either before or after the bores 49, 50, respectively are formed therein. One construction of this kind is shown in Figs. 22 and 23, where the second barrel C, is. shown below the main barrel B and formed in one piece therewith. This form, however, while amply providing for a rapid transmission of heat from said lower rapid-fire barrel C to the upper and larger barrel B, has the disadvantage of being diliicult to manufacture in an economical manner. A. further objection is that when said lower barrel is highly heated (as necessarily occurs with rapid-fire for any considerable period), the longitudinal extension resulting therefrom operates to bend or iex the upper barrel B, and thus tends to disturb the sighting relation thereof; this is practically avoided in the more elaborate construction herein illustrated in the principal'views, Figs. 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8.
The aforesaid objections are normally reduced in the modified form shown in Fig. 24, where the lower and smaller barrel C is shown integrally provided with a sleeve 51, extending over and slidably connecting with the upper and larger barrel B, so that by a sliding action of said sleeve 51 upon barrel C, each Vof the barrels may elongate and conwhen desiring to usel the,
tract longitudinally and inde endently of the other, Without subjecting t e other to a material amount of the said barrel-flexin stress. This construction may be modifi in a rever'sely-arranged manner by the plan shown in section only, in Fig. 25, where the main barrel B is provided with a sleeve 52, within which the lower barrel C is encased in a manner to ermit the described elongation and contraction thereof While preservlng or providing for a large heat-transmitting contact or relation between the two barrels.
The special :forms of barrel-construction illustrated in said Fi s. 24 and 25 are not specifically claimed erein. In each of these forms, it will be seen, the two barrels B, C, have between them a heat-transmitting means, which is also a means of directly and fixedly positioning the smaller and rapid-fre barrel C underneath the main barrel B, these two barrels being arranged with the required forward axial convergence. In practice, when a sleeve, as 51, Fig. 24, or 52, Fig. 25, ma be employed, this sleeve should, preferab y be made relatively thin, so that it may readily expand diametrically in an elastic manner under the variable heating action and stress to which it may be subjected.
The intermediate heat-transmitter, as J, Fig. 8, when not inte ral with either barrel, has the advantage o being expansible and contractible longitudinally' to a different degrec from either barrel and .of doing this without subjecting either barrel to any flexing stress due to such difference. This fea ture provides for lmaking said member J of a metal having a higher heat-transmitting power than the metal of which the barrels are made, these being in present practice, necessarily made of steel when for use in high-power and in ra id-fire firearms. Thus, said member J may oe made of copper or of a composition consistin in part of copper or like metal having a lugh heat-conductivity and thereby provide a highly effective heat-absorbing element actin in some respects as a heat-reservoir, and in combination with each of the said barrels.
For convenience in the describing and defining herein of devices and elements, certain terms of direction have been used (in a conventional manner) for indicating positions and relations of various members and details ofthe mechanism; and it is to be understood that such terms, (as for instance, up, down, above, below, forward, rearward, and the like), are intended to refer to the stated positions or relations at a time when the firearm shall be held in a normal position for use,-that is, held with the main barrel about horizontal and with the centerplane of the forestock directly underneath the axis of said barrel,in F ig. 8, said center-plane is indicated by line 53.
In the particular form of main-barrel firearm mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1, 5, 6, the barrel B is shown of the breech-loader type, and as being equipped with a handoperated cartridge-placing or loading mechanism, this consisting of the Ordinar breechbolt N, which is or should be supp emented by the details usually a purtenant thereto (not herein fully shown including means for firing the loaded-in cartridge. It should be understood, however, that in some instances, or when preferred,and within the purview of the present invention,-this firearm, instead of having-said main barrel fitted with such a hand-operated equipment for the loading-in and firing o erations, may have an auto-loading and firlng mechanism, and that, for such purposes any suitable kind of the latter mechanisms,- of which several specific constructions adaptable therefor are already well-known,- may be so employed.
The improved cartridge-placing and firing mechanism which is herein shown and described, for the lower or secondary barrel C, is'deemedfto be especially suitable for use in connection with such a second barrel in a compound or two-mechanism firearm of the shoulder-arm Aclass herein set forth. This mechanism, however, may be applied to single-mechanism firearms. Also, it should be noted that in some instances, or when desired, a different breech-action or form of mechanism may be adapted to said secondary firearm for placing and firing the cartridges for use therein.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. In a firearm, 4in combination, a main barrel for firing long-range and relatively heavy projectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, and a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater curvature than the first projectiles; the second barrel being o eratively arranged and supported in the rearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, the bore of the second barrel being in permanent converging orward and upward relation to the bore of the main barrel, whereby the trajectory of the projectiles from the second barrel intersects upwardly the trajectory of the projectiles from the main barrel at a point remote from the muzzles of said barrels.
2. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel for firing long-range and relatively heavy projectiles havmg a normal trajectory of small curvature, and a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater curvature than the first projectiles; the second barrel being operatively arranged and suported in the firearm adjacently to and neath the main barrel, the bore of the second barrel beingiin ermanent converging forward and u war relation to the bore of the main barre whereby the trajectory of the projectiles from' the second barrel intersects u wardly the trajectory of the projectiles rom the first barrel at a point remote from the muzzle of said barrels, and Aintersects said trajectory downwardly at a second oint more remote from the muzzles of said4 arrels than said first point.
3. In a firearm, in combination, a Amain barrel for firing long-range and relatively j heavy projectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, and a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater-t curvature than the first projectiles, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel and firing mechanism and triger mechanism for the second barrel; the arrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently; the second barrel being operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, and the bore of the second barrel being in permanent converging forward and upward relation to the boreof the main barrel.
4. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel for firing long-range and relatively heavy rojectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, and a second barreLfor firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater curvature than thevfirst projectiles, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the-main` barrel and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel, the barrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently, and the second barrel being operativel arranged and supported in the firearm ad) jacently to and beneath the main barrel, and the bore of the second barrel being in permanent converging forward and upward relation to the bore of the main barrel.
5. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel arranged in the firearm adjacently to the main barrel, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel, the barrels being diischargeable separately or concurrently, and the second barrel being dischargeable automatically at will for rapid fire thereof.
6. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel arranged in the firearm adjacently to the main barrel beneath the main barrel, firing mechanismand trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel, the barrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently, and the second barrel being djschargeable automatically at will for rapid fire thereof.
7. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel-for firing long-range and relatively heavy projectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, a. second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajecto of relatively greater curvature than t e first projectiles, firing mechanism and tri ger mechanism for the main barrel, and firm mechanism and triger mechanism for e second barrel, the arrels bein dischargeable separately or concurrently; t e second barrel being operatively arranged and supported in the firearm \adjacently to and beneath the main barrel,
the bore of the second barrel converging forwardly and upwardly relatively to the main barrel, whereby the trajectory of the projectiles from the lsecond barrel intersects upwardly the trajectory of the projectiles from thel main barrel at a point remote from the muzzles of said barrels, and intersects said 4trajectory downwardly at a second oint more remote from the muzzles of said Barrels than said first point, and when the barrels are discharged concurrently providing concentrated fire from said barrels at said points of intersection.
8. ln a firearm, in combination, a main barrel for firing long-range and relatively heavy rojectiles having a normal trajectory of small curvature, a second barrel for firing short-range projectiles having a normal trajectory of relatively greater curvature than the first projectiles, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigbger mechanism for the secondv barrel, the arrels being dischargeable separately or concurrently, the second barrel being ischargeable automatically at willv for rapid fire thereof; the second barrel being operativel arranged and supported in the firearm a jacently to and beneath the main barrel the bore of the second barrel converging forwardly and upwardly relatively to the bore of the main barrel, whereby the trajectory of the projectiles from the second barrel-intersects upwardly the trajectory of the projectiles from the main barrel at a point remote from the muzzles of said barrels, and intersects said trajectory( downwardly at a second point more remote from the muzzles of said barrels than said first oint, and when the barrels are -discharge concurrently, and the second barrel automatically, providing concentrated fire from said barrels at said points of intersection.
9. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel o ratively arranged and supported in the rearm adjacent to and beneath the main barrel, and conductive means having an extended rtion broadened at its edges interpose between said barrels extending longitudinally of the barrels for substantially the full length of the second barrel and contacting with both barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel.
10. In a i'earm, in combination, a main barrel, a second bai-rel operatively arranged and support-ed in the lfirearm adjacent to and" beneath the main barrel, and a sleeve on the second barrel having an extended portion broadened at its edges, the sleeve being interposed between said barrels and extending longitudinally of' the barrels for substantially the full length of the second barrel and contacting with both barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel.
11. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to the main barrel, and means interposed between said barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel; said means consisting of a member comprising a hollow lower longitudinal portion and a longitudinal upper surface curved in cross-section, said lower portion providing a sleeve for the second barrel, and said upper surface contacting with the under surface of the .main barrel and extending longitudinally of said barrel.
12. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, and means interposed between said barrels for utilizing the main barrel for disposing of heat generated in the second barrel; said means consisting of a member comprising a hollow lower longitudinal portion and a longitudinal upper surface curved in cross-section, said lower portion providing a sleeve for the second barrel, and said upper surface contacting with the under surface of the main barrel and extending longitudinally of said barrel. v
13. A shoulder-arm comprising, in combination, a stock having a butt-stock portion and a chambered forestock portion; a pair of barrels spaced apart and comprising a relatively long and heavy main barrel fixedly mounted on the stock and equipped for firing long-range projectiles, and a relatively shorter and lighter rapid fire barrel equipped with mechanism for firing shortrange projectiles, and supportively and rigidly connected to and located underneath said long barrel and housed within said chambered portion of the forestock, and a heat-transmitting member interposed longitudinally between and contacting with each of said barrels whereby to utilize said main barrel for disposin of heat generated in the ra id-fire barrel.
14. n a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to' and beneath the main barrel, `firing' mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for thefsecond barrel comprisin a reciprocable power block and breech Eolt retract-able by explosion gases and proj ectable by spring means.
15. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprisin a reclprocatable power-block and breech-bolt provided with an operatively arranged firing-pin, the power-block and breech-bolt being retractable by explosion gases and proj ectable by spring means.
- 16. In a firearm, 1n combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprising a reciprocatable power-block and breech-bolt providedwith a spring actuated firing-pin, the power-block and breech-bolt being retractable by explosion gases and projectable by spring means.
17. In afirearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the main barrel, and firing mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprising a reciprocatable power-block and breechbolt retractable by explosion' gases and projectable by spring means; the trigger mechanism for the second barrel comprising means for releasably retaining the power-block and breech-bolt in retracted position and trigger operated means co-operating with said releasable retaining means for operating the same.
18. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism and tri ger mechanism for the main barrel, and ring mechanism and trig er mechanism for the second barrel; the firlng mechanism for the second barrel com rising a reciprocatable power-block and breechbolt retractable by explosion gases and proj ectable by spring means; the trigger mechanism for the second barrel comprising a catch-lever for releasably retaining the power-block and breech-bolt in retracted position and a trigger operated push-rod, for operatin said catch-lever.
19.l In a rearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel operativelyarranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, firing mechanism and tri ger mechanism for the main barrel, and ring mechanism and trigger mechanism for the second barrel; the firing mechanism for the second barrel comprising a reciprocatable power-block, and reechbolt provided with an operative] arranged firing-pin, the power-block and reech-bolt bein retractable by explosion gases and project-a le by spring means; the trigger mecha- Vnism for the second barrell comprising a catch-lever for releasably retaining the power-block and breech-bolt in retracted position and a trigger operated push-rod for operating said catch-lever.
20. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel shorter than the first barrel o eratively arranged and supported in the rearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, and a bayonet shank carried by the main barrel provided with an aperture for passage therethrough of projectiles discharged from the second barrel.
21. In a firearm, in combination, a main barrel, a second barrel shorter than the first barrel operatively arranged and supported in the firearm adjacently to and beneath the main barrel, the bore of the second barrel converging forwardly and upwardly relatively to the bore of the main barrel, and a bayonet shank carried by the main barrel provided with an aperture for passage therethrough of projectlles discharged from the second barrel.
22. A firearm comprising, in combination, a stock fitted and furnished for carrying thereon an upper barrel and its connected cartridge-placing and firin mechanism said stock havmg a chambere fore-stock portion; an u per main barrel provided with cartridge-p acing and firing mechanism and rigidly but releasably mounted on said stock, and having the muzzle thereof extending to a position forward of said forenism, and the muzzle of said second barrelV being in position for the gases discharged therefrom `to drive forward gases at the muzzle of the main barrel for thereby producing an air current through the bore of said main barrel, the bore of the main barrel being open atbreech and muzzle at the time of dlscharge of the second barrel.
23. A firearm comprising, in combination,
a stock fitted and furnished for carryin thereon an upper barrel and its connect cartridge-placing and firin mechanism, said stock having a chambere fore-stock portion; an u per main barrel provided with cartridge-p acing and ring mechanism and mounted on said stock, and having the muzzle thereof` extending to a position forward of said fore-stock; a second and shorter barrel' and connected loading and firing mechanism therefor, housed Within said chambered fore-stock, the bore of the main barrel being open at breech and muzzle at the time of discharge of the second barrel, and located below said main barrel and forward of the said loading and firing mechanism of themain barrel; and, means for transmitting heat from said second barrel to the main barrel, the muzzle of said second barrel being in position for the gases discharged therefrom to displace by driving forward the gases at the muzzle of the main barrel for thereby producing an air current through the bore of said main barrel, and thus convey away heat transmitted from the second barrel.
1 JOHN D. PEDERSEN.
l/Vitnessesz HARRY WAGNER, C. J. Panerai-m.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949825A (en) * 1958-05-07 1960-08-23 Musser C Walton Dual weapon system alignment mechanism
EP0294346A2 (en) * 1987-06-02 1988-12-07 PISCETTA, Armando Multiple function combined weapon
DE19610080A1 (en) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-18 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Combination self=loading rifle, especially with grenade launcher
DE19653194A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Combination self-loading firearm
US6012374A (en) * 1996-11-22 2000-01-11 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Automatic combination rifle
US6250194B1 (en) 1997-03-17 2001-06-26 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Multipurpose weapon
US20190041148A1 (en) * 2016-03-15 2019-02-07 Rene WEILHARTER Variable-length firearm

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949825A (en) * 1958-05-07 1960-08-23 Musser C Walton Dual weapon system alignment mechanism
EP0294346A2 (en) * 1987-06-02 1988-12-07 PISCETTA, Armando Multiple function combined weapon
EP0294346A3 (en) * 1987-06-02 1989-06-07 Armi Jaeger Di Armando Piscetta Multiple function combined weapon
DE19610080A1 (en) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-18 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Combination self=loading rifle, especially with grenade launcher
DE19610080C2 (en) * 1996-03-14 1999-03-18 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Combined self-loading rifle
US6012374A (en) * 1996-11-22 2000-01-11 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Automatic combination rifle
DE19653194A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Combination self-loading firearm
US6250194B1 (en) 1997-03-17 2001-06-26 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Multipurpose weapon
US20190041148A1 (en) * 2016-03-15 2019-02-07 Rene WEILHARTER Variable-length firearm
US10641567B2 (en) * 2016-03-15 2020-05-05 Rene WEILHARTER Variable-length firearm

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