US2537467A - Apparatus for burning waste material - Google Patents

Apparatus for burning waste material Download PDF

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US2537467A
US2537467A US672773A US67277346A US2537467A US 2537467 A US2537467 A US 2537467A US 672773 A US672773 A US 672773A US 67277346 A US67277346 A US 67277346A US 2537467 A US2537467 A US 2537467A
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bowl
stream
feed spout
chamber
constituents
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US672773A
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Thomas R Komline
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Komline Sanderson Engineering Corp
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Komline Sanderson Engineering Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations

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  • This invention relates to apparatus for and method of burning waste material. Its object is to provide a means and way for incinerating sewage sludge or other similar waste matter. More particularly, the purpose of the invention is to incinerate such material as a continuous process, utilizing the resultant heat and gases of combustion in a normally closed cycle to heat and dry following material prior to the combustion of the latter. This operation is based upon the fact that material like sewage sludge, which includes up to 70% moisture content, contains combustible solids in a quantity having enough calorific value to support its own combustion.
  • An additional object is to provide a structure which comprises, in combination with a chamber, a centrifugal atomizer, a funnel-shaped feed spout into which the atomizer discharges finely comminuted sludge or the like, means to' withdraw hot gases of combustion from the chamber and to discharge such gases into the feed spout for heat interchange with the sprayed sludge, and to force-feed the resulting mixture through the feed spout as a high-velocity stream, an instrumentality located intermediate the ends of the chamber ad acent the discharge end of the feed spout which is arranged to deflect the lighter constituents of the stream, including the major portion of the spent gases which have been used for drying the material, which instrumentality includes a tuyere for introducing fresh air across the flow of the stream, and a heated portion through which the heavier constituents of the stream pass and are ignited.
  • the figure of the drawing is'a sectional elevation of a burner which is made accordingto and embodies this invention.
  • This apparatus comprises a chamber having a substantially cylindrical body I having an inverted conical hopper 2 forming the lower end thereof.
  • the body and hopper are provided with a refractory lining 3 and are supported in At. its .upper end" the body. is closed by a struc-;
  • centrifugal atomizer which is formed between a top plate 6 and a bottom plate 1.
  • a centrifugal atomizer it is mounted on the 'topplate ii,uwhich has a central opening 8, throughtwhich theldistributor 9 of the atomizer In projects into the lower end. of thepassageway 5.
  • This centrifugal atomizer is.shoWn in detail iin my U. S. Patent-No. 2,292,572, issued August 11,---l9i2;i'and the specific construction of ospart of the.present inventhis device .f'o'r tiongli. in J.
  • an instrument'ality whichincludes an upwardly-opening bowl l3 having-anoutwardly-flaring curveddefiecting sur'facei an'd h'as a tuyere embedded in it, which discharges into the bowl through jets l4. Air unde'rpress'ure fed-to the jets through an 'annular manifold l5 included.
  • the length of the conduit within-the chamber is such that the air passing 'through'it heated before its discharge intothe'bowlfi J
  • Thelo'we'r-"endi of he bowl isin'open commu nicat'ion'with ajcylindr'ical ignition tube 1 8, which may be' 'an -ihtegral' part of the bowl, and the bowl andtu inay be made of refractory ma terial. They-are" supported from the bottom of the heater b'ya ispider l9.
  • the'chamber is provided with a hori-'- zontal rowof circumferentially spaced ports 20, which communicate with an annular manifold 2
  • a suction conduit 22 leads upwardlyfrom the manifold'2i to a high-temperature fan or air-pressure pump-'23, ll-discharge conduit 24 leads from this pressure pump to an' annular manifold 25, which surro'undsthepassageway 5 and communicates therewith.
  • conduit 26 is a conduit, which forms a communication between the interior of the body I intermediate its ends, and the conduit 22 intermediate the manifold 2
  • a valve 21 in conduit 26 is provided for controlling the gaseous flow therethrough.
  • another lateral conduit 28 Opposite the conduit 26 another lateral conduit 28, which likewise includes aflow-control valve 29. 2
  • the sludge which is fed by pipe l2 into the centrifugal atomizer i is sprayed outwardly through the distributor 9 in a substantially horizontal plane in the form of a relatively fine mist or fog.
  • the heavier constituents of the material, which are ignited as they pass through the ignition tube l8, burn in the area of the'chamber at the lower end of the body I and inthehopper 2-. These portions of the structure form its combustion space. Hot gases which are drawn from this combustion space through ports 20 andmanifold 2i are discharged at high velocity and relatively great quantity by the pressure pump 23. These gases are the result of combustion and are comparatively inert.
  • the burners 30, 30, which project into the hopper or lower portion of the chamber, are used to heat the ignition tube. l8 to a temperature above the ignition temperature of the more volatile particles of the sludge.. to initiatevtheir incineration.
  • the continued. combustion of the sludge as it passes through tube l8 maintains the temperature of. the tube above this self-ignition temperature of the sludge. If the moisture content of the sludge requires auxiliary heat to assure continued combustion, it can be provided by the burners 30, 3G. Incineration is completed in the combustion space in the lower part of the chamber.
  • the gases which escape upwardly and outwardly from the bowl I3, as previously described, are relatively cool and may be drawn through lateral conduit 26 into conduit 22 to temper. the hot gases inthe latter, if necessary.
  • the flow of these gases may be controlled by the valve 21.
  • the valve 29 in lateral conduit 28 may be open to the extent necessary to permit these relatively cool gases to be-vented' from the chamber.
  • the ash. from the combustionin the chamber 4 falls against the refractory lining 3 of the hopper 2, which is closed at its lower end, as shown at 33.
  • This ash collects in the lower part of the hopper in the form of a molten slag, shown at 34.
  • Such of the incinerated matter as falls onto the slag at 34 is cushioned thereby.
  • a series of horizontally aligned ports 35 vertically spaced from the lower end of the hopper 2 are provided through the wall of the hopper and its lining, through which this slag escapes and falls onto a receiver or carry-off conveyor, indicated diagrammatically at 32.
  • the re-circulation of the hot spent gases of combustion is one of the essential features, as it assures high temperature of the high-velocity stream of gases introduced in the passageway 5 and into the feed spout ll, into which the sludge is introduced as a spray from the distributor 9 to condition the sludge for subsequent combustion.
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed separating instrumentality between the discharge end of the feed spout and the combustion space for deflecting lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating the undeflected constituents of the stream to a temperature above their ignition temperature.
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into the part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, and means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed separating instrumentality between the discharge end 9f the feed Spout and the combustion space for deflecting lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, said instrumentality comprising means for heating the undefiected constituents of the stream to a temperature above their ignition temperature.
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from thev combustion space, mean for withdrawing hot gases of cornbustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bow1 nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the.
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a partof the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituens of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end and terminating in an ignition tube, means for introducing gas containing oxygen 7 into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating the ignition tube through which undef
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of comand with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end and terminating in an ignition tube,
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space with its larger end outermost, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from a part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for introducing finel comminuted material into the stream near the larger end of the spout, an
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross I section with a combustion space'folmed therein,
  • an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from a part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for intro .ducing finely comminuted material into the containing oxygen into the stream through oriflees in the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, said means comprising a pressure pump outside of the chamber, and a conduit passing through the chamber interconnecting the pump with the orifices in the bowl, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeflected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section. with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold outside of the chamber in communication with the combustion space, a pressure pump, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and the feed spout, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end or the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides or" the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold outside of the chamber in communication with the combustion space, a pressure pump, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and the feed spout, a valve-controlled conduit between the chamber and the suction conduit, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold outside of the chamber in communication with the combustion space, a pressure pump, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between 8 l the pump and the feed spout, a valve-controlled conduit between the chamber and the suction conduit, a valveecontrolled vent from the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed openended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl near est the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides of the bowl in directions sul stantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at one of its ends together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel shaped feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means at the end of the structure opposite the cone-shaped portion thereof forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the dischar
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at one of its ends together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means at the end of the structure opposite the cone-shaped portion thereof forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a valve-controlled conduit between the suction conduit and the chamber, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, a valve-controlled vent for the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at its lower end forming a hopper, said body and hopper together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into the upper part of the body, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means near the upper end of the structure forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at its lower end forming a hopper, said body and hopper together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into the upper part of the body, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means near the upper end of the structure forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axia1- 1y alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a valve-controlled conduit between the suction conduit and the chamber, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, a valve-controlled vent from the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an
  • a burner comprising a structure forming a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at its lower end forming a hopper, said body and hopper together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into the upper part of the body, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means near the upper end of the structure forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than

Description

Jan. 9, 1951 T. R. KOMLINE 2,537,457
APPARATUS FOR BURNING WASTE MATERIAL Filed May 28, 1946 I I I \1/ A 26 h 13 Z9 oo o o 000 j 27 f7 30 1 l l 30 ,IIJ 2 o g g 4 4 J3 INVENTOR. THOMAS R. KOMLINE A T TORNE Y Patented Jan. 9, 1951 APPARATUS FOR BURNING WASTE MATERIAL Thomas R. Komline, Glen Rock, N. J., assignor to Komline-Sanderson Engineering Corporation, Glen Rock, N. J a corporation of New Jersey Application May 28,1946, Serial No. 672,773 (o1. 110-8) 16 Claims, 1
This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Ser. No. 540,819, filed June 17, 1944, for Sludge Burner, which has-now been abandoned.
This invention relates to apparatus for and method of burning waste material. Its object is to provide a means and way for incinerating sewage sludge or other similar waste matter. More particularly, the purpose of the invention is to incinerate such material as a continuous process, utilizing the resultant heat and gases of combustion in a normally closed cycle to heat and dry following material prior to the combustion of the latter. This operation is based upon the fact that material like sewage sludge, which includes up to 70% moisture content, contains combustible solids in a quantity having enough calorific value to support its own combustion.
An additional object is to provide a structure which comprises, in combination with a chamber, a centrifugal atomizer, a funnel-shaped feed spout into which the atomizer discharges finely comminuted sludge or the like, means to' withdraw hot gases of combustion from the chamber and to discharge such gases into the feed spout for heat interchange with the sprayed sludge, and to force-feed the resulting mixture through the feed spout as a high-velocity stream, an instrumentality located intermediate the ends of the chamber ad acent the discharge end of the feed spout which is arranged to deflect the lighter constituents of the stream, including the major portion of the spent gases which have been used for drying the material, which instrumentality includes a tuyere for introducing fresh air across the flow of the stream, and a heated portion through which the heavier constituents of the stream pass and are ignited.
Other objects of the invention are to produce a simple, inexpensive and practical device and anovel method of operation which is effective and efficient for the purposes for which it is designed. These objects are accomplished by means of such a structure and relative arrangement of parts as are fully described in the following specification, and the novel features of which are defined in claims.
The figure of the drawing is'a sectional elevation of a burner which is made accordingto and embodies this invention.
This apparatus comprises a chamber having a substantially cylindrical body I having an inverted conical hopper 2 forming the lower end thereof. The body and hopper are provided with a refractory lining 3 and are supported in At. its .upper end" the body. is closed by a struc-;
ture whichforms an annular passageway 5, generally in'the-formof an inverted truncated cone,
which is formed between a top plate 6 and a bottom plate 1.. A centrifugal atomizer it is mounted on the 'topplate ii,uwhich has a central opening 8, throughtwhich theldistributor 9 of the atomizer In projects into the lower end. of thepassageway 5. @This centrifugal atomizer is.shoWn in detail iin my U. S. Patent-No. 2,292,572, issued August 11,---l9i2;i'and the specific construction of ospart of the.present inventhis device .f'o'r tiongli. in J.
Then-distributor "in the lower part .of the passageway t'lextends downwardly into the upper e'ndof a funnel-shaped feed spout I l', which communicates at its upper end withthe passage ways... centrally tlirough the bottom plate 1. The upper end of this feed spout islof a considerably largerdiameter than that of the distributor '9," :Sludge is fed -to the centrifugal atomizer ill-'thtougl'itaieed pipe 12. Immediately below the funnel-shaped feed-spout H is an instrument'ality whichincludes an upwardly-opening bowl l3 having-anoutwardly-flaring curveddefiecting sur'facei an'd h'as a tuyere embedded in it, which discharges into the bowl through jets l4. Air unde'rpress'ure fed-to the jets through an 'annular manifold l5 included. in the bowl, and a- -co'nduit lt which leads from an-air pump -l1"outside' of the chamber;- The length of the conduit within-the chamber is such that the air passing 'through'it heated before its discharge intothe'bowlfi J Thelo'we'r-"endi of he bowl isin'open commu nicat'ion'with ajcylindr'ical ignition tube 1 8, which may be' 'an -ihtegral' part of the bowl, and the bowl andtu inay be made of refractory ma terial. They-are" supported from the bottom of the heater b'ya ispider l9. l he distributor 9, feed spout H, bowl l3 and tube it are relatively concentric, with the'bowl 13 being substantially larger at its upper end-than the adjacent lower end of the feed spout H. Intermediate the ignition tube #8 and the hopper 2, the'chamber is provided with a hori-'- zontal rowof circumferentially spaced ports 20, which communicate with an annular manifold 2| surrounding the lower end of the body 'I, A suction conduit 22 leads upwardlyfrom the manifold'2i to a high-temperature fan or air-pressure pump-'23, ll-discharge conduit 24 leads from this pressure pump to an' annular manifold 25, which surro'undsthepassageway 5 and communicates therewith. 26 is a conduit, which forms a communication between the interior of the body I intermediate its ends, and the conduit 22 intermediate the manifold 2| and the pressure pump 23. A valve 21 in conduit 26 is provided for controlling the gaseous flow therethrough. Opposite the conduit 26 another lateral conduit 28, which likewise includes aflow-control valve 29. 2
Burners 3U, 30, adapted to be connected with a source (not shown) of auxiliary fuel, project into the hopper 2 near the upper part thereof.
In operation of this apparatus, the sludge which is fed by pipe l2 into the centrifugal atomizer i is sprayed outwardly through the distributor 9 in a substantially horizontal plane in the form of a relatively fine mist or fog. The heavier constituents of the material, which are ignited as they pass through the ignition tube l8, burn in the area of the'chamber at the lower end of the body I and inthehopper 2-. These portions of the structure form its combustion space. Hot gases which are drawn from this combustion space through ports 20 andmanifold 2i are discharged at high velocity and relatively great quantity by the pressure pump 23. These gases are the result of combustion and are comparatively inert. They flow inwardly from the manifold through the passageway into the upper end of the funnel-shaped feed spout H. When this occurs these hot gases are intermixed with the sprayed. sludge from the distributor 9, and the mixture of sludge particles and gases pass downwardly through the feed spout. ll. While. passing through the feed spout a heatinterchange occurs between the hot gases and sprayed sludge, which materially reduces the moisture content of the latter. Thereafter, the mixture is dischargedfrom thelower end of the feed spout H into the bowl 13 Due to the shape of the deflecting walls of. the bowl l3 and the resistance offered by the transverse air streams from the tuyre as they are discharged into the bowl through the jets 14', the greater part of the gases and the lighter constituents of the matter carried by the gases from the. feed spout II are deflected upwardly and outwardly from the bowl in the directions indicated by the arrows, AA, while substantially all of the sprayed dried sludge continues downwardly admixedwith fresh heated air from the tuyere into-and through the-tube I8.
The burners 30, 30,;which project into the hopper or lower portion of the chamber, are used to heat the ignition tube. l8 to a temperature above the ignition temperature of the more volatile particles of the sludge.. to initiatevtheir incineration. The continued. combustion of the sludge as it passes through tube l8 maintains the temperature of. the tube above this self-ignition temperature of the sludge. If the moisture content of the sludge requires auxiliary heat to assure continued combustion, it can be provided by the burners 30, 3G. Incineration is completed in the combustion space in the lower part of the chamber.
The gases which escape upwardly and outwardly from the bowl I3, as previously described, are relatively cool and may be drawn through lateral conduit 26 into conduit 22 to temper. the hot gases inthe latter, if necessary. The flow of these gases may be controlled by the valve 21. The valve 29 in lateral conduit 28 may be open to the extent necessary to permit these relatively cool gases to be-vented' from the chamber.
The ash. from the combustionin the chamber 4 falls against the refractory lining 3 of the hopper 2, which is closed at its lower end, as shown at 33. This ash collects in the lower part of the hopper in the form of a molten slag, shown at 34. Such of the incinerated matter as falls onto the slag at 34 is cushioned thereby. A series of horizontally aligned ports 35 vertically spaced from the lower end of the hopper 2 are provided through the wall of the hopper and its lining, through which this slag escapes and falls onto a receiver or carry-off conveyor, indicated diagrammatically at 32.
In the operation of this device the re-circulation of the hot spent gases of combustion is one of the essential features, as it assures high temperature of the high-velocity stream of gases introduced in the passageway 5 and into the feed spout ll, into which the sludge is introduced as a spray from the distributor 9 to condition the sludge for subsequent combustion.
Previous attempts to dry and burn sludge and the like in one structure have been unsuccessful because of the fact that the volume of hot gases required for drying have been so great that they have interfered with the incineration of the dried material. I have found that it is necessary to remove the greater part of these drying gases fromthe mixture to be incinerated before it is ignited. Attempts to burn sewage sludge on a fuel bed have been unsuccessful, and I have found that such material can be more successfully incinerated if burned in suspension From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that this device fulfills the objects of the invention as set forth herein. The specific apparatus illustrated and described is disposed vertically, but this is not a necessary limitation.
Various modifications in construction, mode of operation, method and use of an invention may and do occur to others, especially after benefiting from knowledge of such a disclosure as that herein presented, of the principles involved, but the invention itself is not confined to the present showing.
I claim:
1. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed separating instrumentality between the discharge end of the feed spout and the combustion space for deflecting lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating the undeflected constituents of the stream to a temperature above their ignition temperature.
2. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into the part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, and means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed separating instrumentality between the discharge end 9f the feed Spout and the combustion space for deflecting lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, said instrumentality comprising means for heating the undefiected constituents of the stream to a temperature above their ignition temperature.
3. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from thev combustion space, mean for withdrawing hot gases of cornbustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bow1 nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the. feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperat with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
4. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a partof the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituens of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
5. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from one part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end and terminating in an ignition tube, means for introducing gas containing oxygen 7 into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating the ignition tube through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
6. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of comand with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end and terminating in an ignition tube,
' means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through a plurality of angularly spaced orifices in the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse, to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating the ignition tube through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
7. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space with its larger end outermost, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from a part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for introducing finel comminuted material into the stream near the larger end of the spout, an
axiall disposed separating instrumentality between the discharge end of the feed spout and the combustion spac for deflecting lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating the undefiected constituents of the stream to a temperature above their ignition temperature.
8. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross I section with a combustion space'folmed therein,
an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, means for withdrawing hot gases of combustion from a part of the chamber near the combustion space and forcing said gases as a stream through the feed spout into the chamber, means for venting the chamber, means for intro .ducing finely comminuted material into the containing oxygen into the stream through oriflees in the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, said means comprising a pressure pump outside of the chamber, and a conduit passing through the chamber interconnecting the pump with the orifices in the bowl, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeflected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
9. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section. with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold outside of the chamber in communication with the combustion space, a pressure pump, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and the feed spout, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end or the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides or" the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeflected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
10. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold outside of the chamber in communication with the combustion space, a pressure pump, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and the feed spout, a valve-controlled conduit between the chamber and the suction conduit, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides of the bowl in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeiiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undefiected constituents.
11. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially closed chamber of circular cross section with a combustion space formed therein, an axially disposed feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold outside of the chamber in communication with the combustion space, a pressure pump, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between 8 l the pump and the feed spout, a valve-controlled conduit between the chamber and the suction conduit, a valveecontrolled vent from the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the stream, an axially disposed openended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl near est the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream through the sides of the bowl in directions sul stantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeflected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undeflected constituents.
12. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at one of its ends together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel shaped feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means at the end of the structure opposite the cone-shaped portion thereof forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the dischar e end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undeflected constituents.
13. A burner comprising a structure forming a substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at one of its ends together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into a part of the chamber remote from the combustion space, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means at the end of the structure opposite the cone-shaped portion thereof forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a valve-controlled conduit between the suction conduit and the chamber, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, a valve-controlled vent for the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeflected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undeflected constituents.
14. A burner comprising a structure forming a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at its lower end forming a hopper, said body and hopper together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into the upper part of the body, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means near the upper end of the structure forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undeflected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undeflected constituents.
15. A burner comprising a structure forming a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at its lower end forming a hopper, said body and hopper together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into the upper part of the body, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means near the upper end of the structure forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axia1- 1y alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a valve-controlled conduit between the suction conduit and the chamber, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, a valve-controlled vent from the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an
axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides or the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undeflected constituents.
16. A burner comprising a structure forming a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical body with a cone-shaped portion at its lower end forming a hopper, said body and hopper together forming a closed chamber with a combustion space therein, an axially disposed funnel-shaped feed spout projecting into the upper part of the body, a manifold surrounding the structure in communication with the combustion space, means near the upper end of the structure forming an annular passage in the form of a truncated cone axially alined with the body, the feed spout extending centrally from said passage with its smaller discharge end innermost, a pressure pump outside the structure, a suction conduit between the manifold and the pump, a pressure conduit between the pump and said passage, means for venting the chamber, means for introducing finely comminuted material into the feed spout near its larger end, an axially disposed open-ended circular bowl adjacent the discharge end of the feed spout, with the end of the bowl nearest the feed spout wider than the discharge end of the feed spout and with the sides of the bowl converging toward its other end, means for introducing gas containing oxygen into the stream beyond the discharge end of the spout in directions substantially transverse to the flow of the stream through the feed spout to cooperate with said sides of the bowl to deflect lighter constituents of the stream outwardly, and means for heating a part of the bowl through which undefiected constituents of the stream pass, to a temperature above the ignition temperature of said undeflected constituents, said hopper being closed at its lower end and being providedwith an outlet port vertically spaced from saidclosed end.
THOMAS R. KOMLINE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 769,872 Ochwat Sept. 13, 1904 1,933,255 Godell Oct. 31, 1933 1,936,741 Wood Nov. 28, 1933 1,986,666 Hardgrove Jan. 1, 1935 2,004,152 Badenhausen June 11, 1935 2,292,571 Komline Aug. 11, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 6,175 Great Britain Mar. 25, 1895 19,083 Great Britain Aug. 22, 1913
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Cited By (15)

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US3358622A (en) * 1965-10-14 1967-12-19 Nichols Eng & Res Corp Scum burner
US3362360A (en) * 1966-12-05 1968-01-09 Broadway Res And Dev Corp Method and apparatus for incinerating waste material
US3417716A (en) * 1964-07-08 1968-12-24 Von Roll Ag Method for the combustion of waste materials, particularly refuse
US3481290A (en) * 1968-06-26 1969-12-02 John M Wunderley Apparatus for thermal decomposition of mixed city refuse
US3584587A (en) * 1969-10-20 1971-06-15 Gianni Siracusa Garbage disposal system
US3628473A (en) * 1969-04-16 1971-12-21 Stein Industrie Sewage mud sludge drying and incinerating installation
US3706288A (en) * 1970-06-22 1972-12-19 Garbalizer Corp Generating systems and methods
US3748081A (en) * 1971-05-20 1973-07-24 Ppg Industries Inc Method and apparatus for disposal of liquid waste
US3766867A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-10-23 Preferred Utilities Mfg Corp Burning apparatus and method
US3834855A (en) * 1971-05-20 1974-09-10 Ppg Industries Inc Method for disposal of liquid waste
US3858534A (en) * 1973-01-16 1975-01-07 Interstate Utilities Corp System for producing electric power and concurrently disposing of garbage and refuse
FR2237127A1 (en) * 1973-05-07 1975-02-07 Ebara Infilco
US3885507A (en) * 1972-10-06 1975-05-27 Nichols Eng & Res Corp Incinerator systems
US3939781A (en) * 1974-05-30 1976-02-24 Ecologenics Corporation Incinerator, incineration system and method
US3958518A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-05-25 Sunray Reinetsu Co., Ltd. Incinerator for oil-containing waste sludge and method thereof

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GB189506175A (en) * 1895-03-25 1896-03-21 Edwin Eagling Glaskin Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Town Refuse.
US769872A (en) * 1901-03-16 1904-09-13 Heinrich Ochwat Shaft-furnace for the combustion or destruction of refuse.
GB191319083A (en) * 1913-08-22 1914-08-20 Walter Ramsay Improvements in Refuse Destructors.
US1933255A (en) * 1931-07-25 1933-10-31 Edward G Goodell Apparatus for recovering black liquors
US1936741A (en) * 1930-07-07 1933-11-28 Int Comb Eng Corp Method of and apparatus for disposing of fly ash
US1986666A (en) * 1930-08-13 1935-01-01 Fuller Lehigh Co Slag-tapping furnace having a floor with inclined edges
US2004152A (en) * 1931-05-25 1935-06-11 Badenhausen Corp Slag bottom for furnaces
US2292571A (en) * 1939-08-31 1942-08-11 John R Downes Method of burning dried sewage sludge and apparatus therefor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189506175A (en) * 1895-03-25 1896-03-21 Edwin Eagling Glaskin Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Town Refuse.
US769872A (en) * 1901-03-16 1904-09-13 Heinrich Ochwat Shaft-furnace for the combustion or destruction of refuse.
GB191319083A (en) * 1913-08-22 1914-08-20 Walter Ramsay Improvements in Refuse Destructors.
US1936741A (en) * 1930-07-07 1933-11-28 Int Comb Eng Corp Method of and apparatus for disposing of fly ash
US1986666A (en) * 1930-08-13 1935-01-01 Fuller Lehigh Co Slag-tapping furnace having a floor with inclined edges
US2004152A (en) * 1931-05-25 1935-06-11 Badenhausen Corp Slag bottom for furnaces
US1933255A (en) * 1931-07-25 1933-10-31 Edward G Goodell Apparatus for recovering black liquors
US2292571A (en) * 1939-08-31 1942-08-11 John R Downes Method of burning dried sewage sludge and apparatus therefor

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3417716A (en) * 1964-07-08 1968-12-24 Von Roll Ag Method for the combustion of waste materials, particularly refuse
US3358622A (en) * 1965-10-14 1967-12-19 Nichols Eng & Res Corp Scum burner
US3362360A (en) * 1966-12-05 1968-01-09 Broadway Res And Dev Corp Method and apparatus for incinerating waste material
US3481290A (en) * 1968-06-26 1969-12-02 John M Wunderley Apparatus for thermal decomposition of mixed city refuse
US3628473A (en) * 1969-04-16 1971-12-21 Stein Industrie Sewage mud sludge drying and incinerating installation
US3584587A (en) * 1969-10-20 1971-06-15 Gianni Siracusa Garbage disposal system
US3706288A (en) * 1970-06-22 1972-12-19 Garbalizer Corp Generating systems and methods
US3748081A (en) * 1971-05-20 1973-07-24 Ppg Industries Inc Method and apparatus for disposal of liquid waste
US3834855A (en) * 1971-05-20 1974-09-10 Ppg Industries Inc Method for disposal of liquid waste
US3766867A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-10-23 Preferred Utilities Mfg Corp Burning apparatus and method
US3885507A (en) * 1972-10-06 1975-05-27 Nichols Eng & Res Corp Incinerator systems
US3858534A (en) * 1973-01-16 1975-01-07 Interstate Utilities Corp System for producing electric power and concurrently disposing of garbage and refuse
FR2237127A1 (en) * 1973-05-07 1975-02-07 Ebara Infilco
US3958518A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-05-25 Sunray Reinetsu Co., Ltd. Incinerator for oil-containing waste sludge and method thereof
US3939781A (en) * 1974-05-30 1976-02-24 Ecologenics Corporation Incinerator, incineration system and method

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